As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. The, constitution shall be the supreme Law of Ghana and any other law found to be inconsistent with, any provision of this inconsistency is declared void. Different Stakeholder Interests: Every project will have several stakeholders - customers, vendors, management, project management team, external contractors, government, etc. Nevertheless the periodic flaring up of conflicts into serious violence has become a source of worry. If the conflict is about legitimate differences of opinion about the team's task, then it is a healthy conflict. 4.1 Communication Breakdown. the source where they have come from, and the pages visted in an anonymous form. 3.1 Vague Definition of Responsibility. 2. 0000003230 00000 n Read also. Grace attended James Madison University has a bachelor's degree in history and a master's degree in teaching. Conflict is simply differing ideas or actions, often related to the selfish pursuit of needs (known and unknown) that end in a state of unrest. (a) (b) Give four reasons for the establishment of state owned enterprises in Ghana . Its important that governmental agencies and other socially oriented organizations render intensive education to the rural folks. Several scholarly works on conflicts in the sub-region have identified bad governance and corruption as the underpinning factors fuelling and renewing violence in West Africa. If you continue to use this website without changing your cookie settings or you click "Accept" below then you are consenting to this. This could happen in various kinds of conflicts, from domestic to inter-regional. There is enough evidence to suggest that all ethnic groups that were involved in the major conflict in 1994 are stock piling arms to be used in the event of another ethnic war. The country is rich with mineral Lesotho's exports have grown consistently during the period from 2015 to 2018 even though the merchandise trade balance has not improve significantly. GDP per Capita (USD), on the World Bank Website, viewed on 24 November 2018, from https://data.worldbank.org/. Because the communications department is equipped to provide clear instructions but are not necessarily the subject matter experts, they must wait for engineering to provide product details that are important to the final message. Think back to your favorite movie or book. (v) Human rights abuse Why do you think this is? One shift picks up where another leaves off. Sources of Conflict: Early reviews in the field of conflict resolution identified a large number of schemes for describing sources or types of conflict (Fink, 1968; Mack & Snyder, 1958). Copyright 2017 - Definition, Benefits, Importance & Examples, The Advice & Consent Clause in the U.S. Senate, What is Senatorial Courtesy? Obviously, for stories that do not have a happy ending, the resolution of conflict portion changes. Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme. There are a variety of ways to uncover such sources of conflict, including the use of personality testing instruments like Myers-Briggs, Thomas-Kilman, FIRO-B, and Personality Dynamics Profiles. Whereas this major divide has never generated conflict in Ghana, it is possible to identify different categories of continuous conflict, some of it violent. Agriculture is the main source of livelihood in many rural communities. Resource scarcity also leads to conflict. Information conflicts arise when people have different or insufficient information, or disagree over what data is relevant. 3.3 Identify skills and approaches needed for resolving conflicts (Level 2 Diploma in Care, Responsibilities of a care worker) 3.3 Identify skills and approaches needed for resolving . [7] WB 2016. Interpersonal conflict can be seen any time two people disagree on a topic. 301-315. For example if one team member is responsible for ordering equipment and another for installing the equipment, one task is dependent on the other. Data-type or about facts or laws 3. Types of Conflict. Finally, change - of any kind - is conflict. 91 lessons Intergroup power struggles are the key to many wars in the world. (ii) make recommendations to the colonial administration on how to prevent future occurrences, (b) Reasons for the 1948 riots The development team may feel like they can benefit from the dollars by making more products to sell. For example, two coworkers may disagree about the best way to complete a task. Help identify sources of conflicts - Media urged 24.10.2008 LISTEN By gna Chief Superintendent Fred Asare, Goaso Divisional Police Commander, has appealed to media practitioners to help to identify sources of conflicts and offer suggestions for their prevention and solution. 0000018047 00000 n All questions carry equal marks, SECTION I This ensures higher interest in agric as well as increased yield / productivity, which would mean increased financial income for the agriculturists in the rural areas. Hence, there is no political consistency. (x) The monopoly and other negative practices of the Association of West African Merchants (AWAM) made several African businesses suffer and hence brought great economic hardships to the local people. 0000002550 00000 n 0000003585 00000 n Begin by collecting several current events articles or videos. Intragroup power struggles occur when one person attempts to seize control from another person (like when a CEO is replaced by the board of directors). Notwithstanding the challenges noted above, Ghana has successfully held eight democratic elections between 1983 and 2018, with the opposition winning the elections of 2016, (these elections marked 33 years since Ghanas last military coup). Lock-outs. info@africaportal.org, Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA Ghana), View highlights from our past newsletters. An error occurred trying to load this video. "From 1806 until 1896, the Ashanti Kingdom was in a perpetual state of war involving expansion or defense of its domain". Organizational Stress and Burnout Workplace stress is often the source of conflict in an organization. 0000006706 00000 n The Commission was set to This standard, not an uncommon practice, creates heavy competition within its employee ranks. Click here for more information. While intrapersonal conflict can be difficult, its resolution results in a stronger understanding of yourself. (ii) The difficulties (no jobs, no pension allowance, no homes) of the ex-service men. Whereas this major divide has never generated conflict in Ghana, it is possible to identify different categories of continuous conflict, some of it violent. These includes inter-ethnic conflicts, mostly centred on control over land and other resources and sovereignty issues; intra ethnic conflicts around land ownership, competing uses of land and the siting of institutions and services, but mostly about chieftaincy succession; and conflicts between state institutions, such as the police and communities, over policing and law and order issues arising from communal conflicts and inter-personal disputes. Conflict can occur if the first team member is delayed in completing their tasks. Problems: Anyone can be involved in a conflict, and the amount of time, money, and equipment needed for resolution will vary according to its complexity. (a) Why was the Watson Commission set up? Have students explain their reasoning. We also use cookies set by other sites to help us deliver content from their services. 0000019849 00000 n Although such conflicts are in general similar to other conflicts that arise in the sub-region, it can be generally concluded, though not substantiated in this study, that the conflicts in Ghana have generally been on a relatively lower scale than those of her neighbours, perhaps, accounting for the relative peace and stability in Ghana. Remembering that the prefix 'intra-' means originating internally, you can see that intrapersonal conflict is when you feel conflicted about your own thoughts or actions. Some of the opportunities in rural areas are ease of accommodation, acquisition of land for business or residence, lesser temptation for social [5] WB 2019. 0000006508 00000 n (iv) There were insufficient facilities for education and health Others include peace as gaia (balance in and with the ecosphere), inner peace (spiritual peace) and as wholeness (making whole). Competition of this nature often creates conflict. Power conflict occurs when the groups involved intends to maximisetheir influence in the social setting or in an organisation. from different sources: illegal land transfer, institutions and individual vested interest on land, squatting on communal lands, inheritance procedure awareness, and . I feel like its a lifeline. Please complete the General Enquiry form and submit it to us for a response. The 1994 fight between the Konkomba and Nanumba tribes which resulted in over 1,000 deaths and the displacement of 150,000 people should serve as a warning[13]. Conflicts in Nigeria, Guinea-Bissau, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Cte . A good project manager avoids these types of conflicts by managing their team with clear . Conflicts interfere with the normal conduct of society. (vi) Susu companies A Critique of the Africanisation of the South Pacific Thesis, The Role of the Natural Resource Curse in Preventing Development in Politically Unstable Countries: Case Studies of Angola and Bolivia, Forced Migration and Armed Conflict: Refugee-Warriors in Guinea (2006), Negotiation and Mediation of violent Conflicts: A case study of Burundi and Kenya, Coup Risk Counterbalancing International Conflict, External Stakeholder Impacts on Official and Non-Official Third-Party Interventions to Resolve Malignant Conflicts: The case of a failed intervention in Cyprus, The path to secession in Africa: the case of Sudan and Nigeria, Regionalization of Conflict in South Sudan, Analysis of effectiveness of AU in the resolution of conflicts in Africa, Understanding obstacles to peace : actors, interests, and strategies in Africa's Great Lakes region. Copyright 2023 Leadership Studies, Inc., all rights reserved. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. The government and other bodies must create more employment opportunities such as cottage industries, plantations, factories, etc in the rural areas. You can remember this by the 'e' in 'inter-' and 'external.' The era following Ghanas independence was characterised by authoritarian rule: Nkrumah introduced a one-party state and promulgating laws legitimizing detention without trial for up to five years. Then, the manufacturing team gets together to look at this new design. (viii) Cutting down of cocoa trees that had been affected by the swollen shoot disease One of these lay in the creation of a Peacebuilding Commission (PBC), which would fill what Annan described as an institutional gap in the UNs peace and security architecture. They can be a huge impediment towards the success of a completed project. As resources dwindle and an organization has to make do with less, departments will compete to get those resources. In terms of trade relations, Mozambique forms part of the top five South African trade partners within the SADC region. ffNn5z O8=I Af*oUY9r3gyr3+_#Pqq`@&l=Q,l0 4L*n d&(6Hf L@fjD:ClwV| !j20 a8!l6d WA@,3F`03)e40 [JJP9cD`4 L [1] Fischer, H. 2016. The 4 main categories are: Intrapersonal - this is when a person experiences inner turmoil, such as disagreeing with the values of the company or being a perfectionist. Ghana, just like its neighboring countries, is blessed with abundance of natural resources such as gold, silver, manganese, bauxite, timber, petroleum, fish, rubber, salt, limestone, industrial diamonds, etc. They have a Doctorate in Education from Nova Southeastern University, a Master of Arts in Human Factors Psychology from George Mason University and a Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Flagler College. This style is appropriate when: THE ENGLISH COMMON LAW The origins of English Common Law could be traced from AD 1066 when William the Conqueror was crowned English King. (i) Increase in streetism $Mi8FB{N~JY@U,:pv=2/4/t4YB9w9AJG0bj.B] LS&8P7.XOb1 W_6M'=5W8reKroH[W*Kh0*b~\o[^4jnx ^x As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 84,000 M. Sheehan, M. (2008) 'The Changing Character of War' in J. Baylis (ed.) If there arent enough material and supplies for every worker, then those who do get resources and those who dont are likely to experience conflict. 3.2 Lack of Resources. ISSN 2029-0365 . 4.3 Information Misunderstood. There have been conflicts such as the Konkomba-Nanumba conflict,[when?] All these resources cut across the agricultural, mining and human sectors. Causes of Conflict. Conflict is a Process: Conflict occurs in 'layers'. Hence the necessity to define the project charter and scope, layout out the process and schedule, identify the deliverables and clarify the roles and responsibilities of each project team member . (a) State four problems created in the urban areas by rural-urban migration, (b) Workplace Conflict Examples & Resolutions | What is Conflict Management? This is testament to the Ghanaian governments commitment not only to provide its citizens with a good quality of life but also to uphold good governance and comply with international best practice. Ghana Country Profile, on the British Broadcasting Corporation Website, viewed on 15 October 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/. (iii) The Alan Burns Constitution was not favourable, because it did not offer enough opportunity (seats) for local (Ghanaian) participation in the legislative and executive councils. and as the most peaceful country in West Africa. Its chief responsibility was to organise the multitude of international actors who inevitably become involved in peacebuilding operations, and in doing so, improve levels of coherence and coordination. (ii) Give two examples of superstitious beliefs, (b) Outline five effects of superstitious beliefs on a community, Answer one question only from this section. GDP per Capita (USD), ibid. More and more specialists believe that conflict management is as important as the other management functions. Unemployment refers to the share of the labour force without work but are available for and seeking employment. : 271-291. For this activity students will be reviewing current events to identify the type and source of the conflict. Let's look at some instances of this dispute: 1) One friend wants to open a cafe, while the other wants . - Definition & Examples, Largest Revenue Sources for the Federal Government, Dealignment in Politics: Definition, Theory & Example, Political Nomination: Definition & Process, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, People living together conflict over who didn't put the cap on the toothpaste. This plot progression is true of shows aimed at the youngest of audiences (for example, the bear wants honey out of the tree but has to trick the bees in order to get it). They also fought with the British many times, but the most notable war being the Yaa Asantewaa war in which she led the Ashantis. Intrapersonal conflict is always a psychological battle for the person experiencing it. We have varied personalities which usually results to incompatible choices and opinions. Organizational sources of conflict are those events or factors that cause goals to differ. An organizations reward system can be a source of conflict, particularly if the organization sets up a win-lose environment for employee rewards. Some are relatively straightforward, such as painting a wall, articulating the benefits of a product or following a documented procedure. When conflict is addressed maturely with an eye to a positive resolution it can, in most cases, lead to growth among all the conflicting parties. Peacebuilding Overview, Approaches & Examples | What is Peacebuilding? There have been conflicts such as the Konkomba-Nanumba conflict,[when?] 0000018306 00000 n When people within a single group have discord with each other, it's referred to as intragroup conflict. [any four]. (i) Fear and Insecurity [any four]. Understanding the emergence and dynamics of certain identities in any place is complicated by a number of factors. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); This div height required for enabling the sticky sidebar. (ii) Disruption of social activities The analysis suggests that almost all the respondants are of the view that an impending major conflict is likely to occur in the Northern Region. World History Encyclopedia, Era 9: Promises and Paradoxes, Proceedings of the Partnership for Peace [PfP] Consortium 9th Workshop of the Study Group Regional Stability in the South Caucasus - From Self-Defence to Regional Disarmament: Reducing Tensions and Stabilising the South Caucasus, edited by Frederic Labarre and Ernst M. Felberbauer, Elin Bjarnegrd, Erik Melander, Karin Johansson, Faktionalismus, Institutionen und Politische Instabilitt in Afrikanischen Staaten Sdlich Der Sahara $ h, The role of humanitarian and development aid in the economy of war, The genesis of recurring wars in Sudan: Rethinking the violent conflicts in the Nuba Mountains / South Kordofan, Northern Uganda: Protracted Conflict and Structures of Violence, The Peacemaking Effectiveness of Regional Organisations, Ethnic Conflicts in the South Caucasus: A Tripartite Approach in Explaining the Causes and Consequences of War, Conflict Dynamics in the Mano River Region: A Contextual Analysis, Post-independnce Peace Building in South Sudan: Looking Beyond Ephemeral Peace, ebooksclub org Building Sustainable Peace, Report of Conflict Assessment of EAC Partner States fin, Bulletin N85 Spring 2010 concernedafricascholars.org, Master's Degree in International Development Policy THE AFRICAN UNION AND THE PRINCIPLE OF RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT --A CASE STUDY OF THE LIBYAN UPRISING IN 2011, South Sudans Post-Secession Crisis in a Comparative Perspective, Building Sustainable Futures: Enacting Peace and Development, Pathways to Secession: Separatist Trajectories in Nagorno-Karabakh, Chechnya and Kosovo, War and Genocide in Africa's Great Lakes since Independence, TITLE PAPEACEKEEPING IN AFRICA AND NONVIOLENCE AS AN ALTERNATIVE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE IVORIAN 2010-2011 POST-ELECTION CRISES, External Threat and Democracy: The Role of NATO Revisited, FROM SELF-DEFENCE TO REGIONAL DISARMAMENT: REDUCING TENSIONS AND STABILISING THE SOUTH CAUCASUS, The Somali Conflict: Root causes, obstacles, and peace-building strategies, The Russian-Georgian August War of 2008 in the Context of Georgias External Security, The Coming Anarchy in Oceania? 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